The Brain's Full Potential is Being Unlocked by Businesses Everywhere

To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of visual training interventions on improving simple and choice reaction time (RT) in athletic populations.

Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, the authors reviewed 18 studies (N = 627 athletes) published between 2010 and 2024. Interventions included stroboscopic training (N = 7), light board training (N = 6), visual occlusion drills (N = 3), and 3D-MOT/NeuroTracker programs (N = 2). Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool

Seventeen of the 18 studies reported statistically significant improvements in reaction time, with gains ranging from 5% to 27%. Choice reaction time showed more consistent improvements than simple RT, suggesting perceptual-cognitive contributions to training effects. Stroboscopic and perceptual-cognitive interventions, including 3D-MOT/NeuroTracker, demonstrated some of the larger reported gains. However, heterogeneity in protocols, limited long-term follow-up, and few ecologically valid transfer measures were noted as key methodological limitations

To assess the learning capacities of elite athlete populations compared to amateur athletes and nonathlete university students on a neutral cognitive training assessment (NeuroTracker).

308 participants were assessed by completing 15 distributed NeuroTracker sessions, grouped as the following: 102 professional elite athletes (NHL, EPL and Top 14 Rugby), 173 NCAA elite non-professional athletes, and 33 non-athlete university students.

The results showed a clear distinction between level of athletic performance and corresponding fundamental mental capacities for learning a demanding abstract and dynamic scene task. Elite athletes showed significantly higher initial baselines than the other groups, along with substantially superior learning rates. The elite non-professional athletes also similarly significantly higher learning rates over the non-athletes group. For the first time this evidence suggest that a defining characteristic of elite professional athletes is their perceptual-cognitive learning prowess, associated with unusually high levels of neuroplasticity, and that NeuroTracker is a sensitive tool for objectively assessing these abilities.

To investigate the relationship with NeuroTracker baselines and soccer player performance metrics across two professional seasons.

11 professional Greek soccer players from two major Super League football clubs completed a 6-min single NeuroTracker session baseline. Soccer-specific competition performance metrics were collected using the Wyscout analytics platform, including: team is winning/losing, actions with/without a yellow card, dribbles, through passes, forward passes, and assists.

Statistical analysis revealed NeuroTracker baseline score significantly correlated to actions when team is winning/losing, total actions without a yellow card, through passes, forward passes, and assists. The researchers suggest that such baselines could play a crucial and practical role in evaluating soccer players’ performance when under the demands of professional competition.

The goal of this multi-year research project was to develop methods for assessing the efficacy of training (including live and simulated platforms) by validating measures of cognitive workload that characterize skill acquisition.

‍

10 evaluation pilots (100-300 flight hours of experience) were selected to perform low, medium and high difficulty flight manoeuvres in both a jet flight simulator and live jet flight (Aero Vodochody L-29 jet trainer) using experimental conditions. During flight ECG data (NeXus-4) and eye-tracking data (Dikablis) was collected. Flight performance was analysed for altitude, roll, and vertical speed errors, and cognitive workload was subjectively assessed (10-point Bedford Workload Scale). As a validated tool for evaluating perceptual-cognitive skills, NeuroTracker was selected as to measure spare cognitive capacity via extraneous load (Cognitive Load Theory). All pilots first completed home-based NeuroTracker consolidation training (15 Core sessions). NeuroTracker was integrated into the flight testbed. Low, medium and high difficulty flight manoeuvre tests were performed by all pilots, both without NeuroTracker, and while simultaneously performing NeuroTracker Core sessions.

‍

Compared to performing NeuroTracker alone, live and simulated flight across all manoeuvres, caused a drastic decrease in NeuroTracker speed thresholds (average of ~97%). This, perhaps for the first time, objectively demonstrated that jet flight involves very high intrinsic cognitive loads. Live flight resulted in lower NeuroTracker speed thresholds and physiological performance than simulated flight, with greater differences for higher difficulty maneuverers. This evidence suggests that physiological and cognitive loads are significantly heavier in live flight, supporting the theory that that brain dynamics differ in real-world environments compared to those of a laboratory.

To investigate whether domain-specific cognitive training can enhance executive function performance in youth elite soccer players.

Elite youth soccer players completed a structured cognitive training program targeting perceptual-cognitive and executive processes. Standardized executive function measures were administered before and after the intervention to assess changes in cognitive performance.

Participants demonstrated significant improvements in executive function measures following the training intervention, suggesting that structured cognitive training may enhance higher-order cognitive processes relevant to athletic performance. These findings support the potential value of targeted cognitive training approaches within elite youth sport development programs.

To investigate if an unsupervised remote NeuroTracker training intervention could subjectively improve performance outcomes with elite athletes across a range of different sports.

‍

54 elite athletes from boxing, wrestling, women’s handball, women’s soccer, orienteering, biathlon, alpine skiing, sled hockey, badminton and table tennis completed at least four NeuroTracker sessions per week over a 5 week period. The athletes trained independently from the researchers, using personal NeuroTracker accounts. They were also not given any instructions on the training, to avoid potential biases. All the athletes completed pre and post Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaires (7 point Likert scale), to self-assess their current performance status.

‍

‍

Almost all the participants completed at least the minimum of 4 NeuroTracker sessions per week, indicating a high compliance. On average the athletes experienced an improvement in normalized NeuroTracker speed thresholds of 39% by the end of the 5 weeks. The results of Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaires showed an improvement from a rating of 18.9, to 19.2.

To examine whether individuals who play video games at a professional level in the esports industry differ from amateur video game players in their cognitive and learning abilities.

14 elite professional gamers and 16 casual video game players were assessed on a battery of standard neuropsychological tests evaluating processing speed, attention, memory, executive functions, and manual dexterity. In addition, both groups completed 15 distributed NeuroTracker sessions to assess dynamic visual attention and learning abilities.

Professional players showed the largest performance advantage relative to amateur players for visual spatial memory (Spatial Span), and with more modest benefits for selective and sustained attention (d2 Test of Attention), and auditory working memory (Digit Span). Professional players also had greatly higher initial speed thresholds on NeuroTracker, with the advantage increasing marginally over the 15 sessions. Overall, the cognitive assessments differentiated the professional and amateur groups, however there was negligible correlation with these results in terms of gaming experience in either group. In conclusion, standardized cognitive assessments revealed some elevated abilities of pro gamers, however NeuroTracker baselines and learning rates provided much more sensitive comparative measures.

To to determine if NeuroTracker training could affect off-the-block reaction times, by improving selection attention in university athlete swimmers.

15 male and female varsity swimmers were divided into active and control groups. The active group completed a training intervention of 10 NeuroTracker sessions, controls did no training. Pre and post training the participants were assessed 3 times on for off-the-block reaction times using the Ares Omega Timing System.

The control group showed a moderate improvement in reaction time, however the NeuroTracker trained group showed large improvement in reaction time (-11%). This pilot study indicates that selective attention may be a critical factor in reaction time performance, and that a short intervention of NeuroTracker training can significantly improve reaction times.

‍

To examine whether a visual–spatial attention training intervention using 3D multiple object tracking (3D-MOT) influences motor performance and subsystem measures relevant to occupational performance.

Three pre-test/post-test studies were conducted:

• Study 1: Healthy young adults (n = 19) completed 8 NeuroTracker sessions; outcomes included the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and gait parameters.
• Study 2: Healthy young adults (n = 41) completed 10 sessions; outcomes included SEBT, Stroop performance, and dual-task gait assessment.
• Study 3: A 12-year-old child with dyslexia completed 10 sessions; outcomes included SEBT, Stroop, Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2), Test of Visual Perceptual Skills (TVPS), gait, and visual convergence.

In healthy adults, the intervention groups demonstrated greater improvements in balance performance (SEBT) compared to controls, along with within-group improvements in attentional measures (Stroop). Dual-task gait parameters showed measurable changes following training, though functional improvements were less clearly defined than balance outcomes.

In the single-subject case study, clinically meaningful improvements were observed in visual-perceptual skills, balance subtests, and selected attentional measures, with additional non-clinically significant changes in gait and convergence.

The findings suggest that training visual–spatial attention through 3D-MOT may influence balance and attentional subsystems that contribute to occupational performance, with preliminary evidence of broader functional effects.